BIOLOGY XI
CHAPTER-LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT
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PART A
1. Select the correct matching of the type of the joint with the example in human skeletal system.
Type of joint Example
a) Cartilaginous joint Between frontal and parietal
b) Pivot joint Between third and fourth cervical vertebrae
c) Hinge joint Between humerus and pectoral girdle
d) Gliding joint Between carpals
a) A b) B c) C d) D

2. A collagenous connective tissue layer holds the muscle bundles together.
a) Perimysium 

b) Endomysium 

c) Epimysium

 d) Fascia

3. Rib cage contains
a) Vertebral column, Skull and Pelvic girdle
b) Vertebral column, Ribs and Femur
c) Vertebral column, Ribs and sternum
d) Cranial bones and Girdles

4. Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system,
a) Muscular dystrophy – Age related shortening of muscles
b) Osteoporosis – Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age
c) Myasthenia gravis – Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments
d) Gout – Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium

5. Elbow joint is an example of
a) hinge joint

 b) gliding joint
c) ball and socket joint 

d) pivot joint

6. Which of the following components is a part of the pectoral girdle?
a) Sternum b) Acetabulum c) Glenoid cavity d) Ilium

7. An acromion process is characteristically found in the
a) pelvic girdle of mammals

b) pectoral girdle of mammals
c) skull of frog

 d) sperm of mammals

8. Which statement is correct for muscle contraction?
a) Length of H-zone remains constant 

b) Length of A-band remains constant
c) Length of I-band increases 

d) Length of two Z-line increases.

9. Which of the following is the contractile protein of a muscle?
a) Tropomyosin

 b) Tubulin 

c) Myosin 

d) All of these

10. Three of the following pairs of the human skeletal parts are correctly matched with their respective inclusive skeletal category and one pair is not matched. Identify the non-matching pair.
Pair of skeletal parts Category
A) Sternum and ribs Axial skeleton
B) Clavicle and glenoid cavity Pelvic girdle
C) Humerus and ulna Appendicular skeleton
D) Malleus and stapes Ear ossicles
a) A b) B c) C d) D

11. Which of the following is a genetically muscular disorder?
a) Botulism 

b) Tetany
c) Muscular dystrophy 

d) Myasthenia gravis

12. Which one of the following pairs of chemical substances, is correctly categorized?
a) Calcitonin and thymosin – Thyroid hormones
b) Pepsin and prolactin – Two digestive enzymes secreted in stomach
c) Troponin and myosin – Complex proteins in striated muscles
d) Secretin and rhodopsin – Polypeptide hormones

13. Sliding filament theory can be best explained as
a) actin and myosin filaments do not shorten but rather slide pass each other
b) when myofilaments slide pass each other, myosin filaments shorten while actin filaments do not shorten
c) when myofilaments slide pass each other actin filaments shorten while myosin filaments do not shorten
d) actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide pass each other

14. In human body, which one of the following is anatomically correct?
a) Collar bones – 3 pairs

 b) Salivary glands – 1 pair
c) Cranial nerves – 10 pairs

 d) Floating ribs – 2 pairs

15. Select the correct option.
a) There are seven pairs of vertebra-sternal, three pairs of vertebra-chondral and two pairs of vertebral ribs.
b) 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum.
c) 11th and 12th pairs of ribs are connected to the sternum with the help of hyaline
cartilage.
d) Each rib is a flat thin bone and all the ribs are connected dorsally to the thoracic
vertebrae and ventrally to the sternum.

16. Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans.
a) The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae.
b) The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint.
c) A decreased level of progesterone causes osteoporosis in old people.
d) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation.

17. Muscle Contraction is initiated by
a) A signal sent by CNS via a motor neuron
b) A signal sent by PNS via a motor neuron
c) A signal sent by ANS via efferent neuro
d) A signal sent by ANS via efferent neuron

18. Which one of the following is the correct matching of three items and their grouping category?
Items Group
a) Ilium, ischium, pubis Coxal bones of pelvic girdle
b) Actin, myosin, rhodopsin Muscle proteins
c) Cytosine, uracil, thiamine Pyrimidines
d) Malleus, incus, cochlea Ear ossicles
a) A b) B c) C d) D

19. Name the ion responsible for unmasking of active sites for myosin for cross-bridge activity during muscle contraction.
a) Monovalent Calcium

 b) Monovalent Magnesium
c) Divalent Calcium 

d) Monovalent Potassium

20. Bone related with skull is
a) Vertebrae 

b) Scapula

 c) Zygomatic Bone

 d) All of these

21. Calcium is important in skeletal muscle contraction because it
a) binds to troponin to remove the masking of active sites on actin for myosin
b) binds to troponin to remove the masking of active sites on myosin for actin
c) detaches the myosin head from the actin filament
d) prevents the formation of bonds between the myosin cross bridges and the actin filament.

22. The plasma membrane of the muscle fibre is called
a) Sarcoplasma 

b) Sarcolemma
c) Sarcoplasmic Reticulum 

d) Syncytial

23. Total number of bones in each limb of a man is
a) 24 

b) 30

 c) 14

 d) 21

24. What will happen if ligaments are torn?
a) Bones will move freely at joint and no pain.
b) Bone less movable at joint and pain.
c) Bone will become unfixed.
d) Bone will become fixed.

25. The characteristic and an example of a synovial joint in humans is
Characteristics Examples
a) Fluid filled synovial cavity between two bones Joint between atlas and axis
b) Lymph filled between two bones, limited movement Gliding joint between carpals
c) Fluid cartilage between two bones, limited movements Knee joint
d) Fluid filled between two joints, provides cushion Skull bones
a) A b) B c) C d) D

26. Glenoid cavity articulates
a) clavicle with scapula 

b) Humerus with scapula
c) clavicle with acromion

 d) scapula with acromion

27. What is sarcomere?
a) Part between two H-line 

b) Part between two A-line
c) Part between two I-band

 d) Part between two Z-line

28. Stimulation of a muscle fibre by a motor neuron occurs at
a) the neuromuscular junction 

b) the transverse tubules
c) the myofibril 

d) the sarcoplasmic reticulum

29. The joint between atlas and axis is called
a) angular joint 

b) hinge joint 

c) pivot joint 

d) saddle joint

30. During muscle contraction in humans, the
a) sarcomere does not shorten

 b) A band remains same
c) A, H and I bands shorten 

d) actin filaments shorten

31. Which of the following joints would allow no movements?
a) Synovial joint

 b) Ball and Socket joint
c) Fibrous joint 

d) Cartilaginous joint

32. The H-zone in the skeletal muscle fibre is due to
a) the central gap between actin filaments extending through myosin filaments in the A-band
b) extension of myosin filaments in the central portion of the A-band
c) the absence of myofibrils in the central portion of A-band
d) the central gap between myosin filaments in the A-band

33. The contractile protein of skeletal muscle involving ATPase activity is
a) troponin 

b) tropomyosin

 c) myosin

 d) a-actinin

34. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
a) Hinge joint – Between vertebrae
b) Saddle Joint – Between Carpo-metacarpal joint of thumb
c) Cartilaginous joint – Skull bones
d) Fibrous joint – Between phalanges

35. Mechanism of muscle contraction is best explained by
a) Sliding Filament Theory b) Sliding fibre theory
c) Sliding myofiber theory d) Muscle sliding theory

PART B

36. The type of muscle present in us
a) heart is involuntary and unstriated smooth muscle
b) intestine is striated and involuntary
c) thigh is striated and voluntary
d) upper arm is smooth muscle and fusiform in shape

37. What is the name of joint between ribs and sternum?
a) Cartilaginous joint

 b) Angular joint
c) Gliding joint 

d) Fibrous joint

38. Lack of relaxation between successive stimuli in sustained muscle contraction is known as
a) tetanus

 b) tonus

 c) spasm 

d) fatigue

39. Select the correct statement with respect to disorders of muscles in humans.
a) Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal
swallowing.
b) Accumulation of urea and creatine in the joints causes their inflammation.
c) An overdose of vitamin D causes osteoporosis.
d) Rapid contractions of skeletal muscles cause muscle dystrophy.

40. Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?
a) Production of body heat

 b) Locomotion
c) Production of erythrocytes 

d) Storage of minerals

41. Which one of the following items gives its correct total number?
a) Types of diabetes-3 

b) Cervical vertebrae in humans-8
c) Floating ribs in humans-4 

d) Amino acids found in proteins-16

42. When a muscle bends one part upon the other, it is called
a) abductor

 b) regulator

 c) extremer

 d) flexor

43. A neural signal reaching this junction releases a neurotransmitter…………. Which generates an action potential in the ……….?
a) Acetyl choline, Sarcolemma

 b) Inositol, Sarcolemma
c) GABA, Sarcoplasmic reticulum 

d) GABA, Sarcoplasm

44. Actin and Myosin in muscle fibril are arranged
a) Parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the myofibrils
b) Perpendicular to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the myofibrils
c) Parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the myofibrils
d) Perpendicular to each other perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the myofibrils

45. Which of the following property cannot be attributed to white fibers?
a) Fewer mitochondria

 b) Anaerobic process for energy
c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum is high

 d) More quantity of myoglobin

46. Following is the figure of actin (thin) filaments. Identify A, B and C:

a) A – Tropomyosin, B – Troponin, C – F-actin
b) A – Troponin, B – Myosin, C – Tropomyosin
c) A – Troponin, B – Tropomyosin, C – Myosin
d) A – Troponin, B – Tropomyosin, C – F-actin

47. Out of ‘X’ pairs of ribs in humans only ‘Y’ pairs are true ribs. Select the option that correctly represents values of X and Y and provides their explanation.
a) X = 12, Y =5: True ribs are attached dorsally to vertebral column and sternum on the two ends
b) X= 24, Y = 2; The true ribs are dorsally attached to vertebral column but are free on ventral side
c) X= 24, Y =12: True ribs are dorsally attached to vertebral column but are free on ventral side
d) X= 12, Y = 7: True ribs are attached dorsally to vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum
a) A b) B c) C d) D

48. Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to
a) immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue
b) high concentration of Ca2+ and Na+
c) decreased level of estrogen
d) accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints

49. Match the following joints with the bones involved:
Column I (Function) Column II (Part of system)
(a) Gliding joint (i) Between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
(b) Hinge joint (ii) Between atlas and axis
(c) Pivot joint (iii) Between the carpals
(d) Saddle joint (iv) Between humerus and ulna
Select the correct option from the following:
a) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i) b) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
c) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i) d) (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)

50. Which one of the following is the correct description of a certain part of a normal human skeleton?
a) Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined fibrous joint.
b) First vertebra is axis which articulates with the occipital condyles.
c) The 9 and 10 pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs.
d) Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bone articulates.

ANSWER KEY- LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT:

Q. No	Key	Q. No	Key	Q. No	Key	Q. No	Key	Q. No	Key
1	d	11	c	21	a	31	c	41	c
2	d	12	c	22	b	32	a	42	d
3	c	13	a	23	b	33	c	43	a
4	b	14	d	24	b	34	b	44	c
5	a	15	a	25	a	35	a	45	d
6	c	16	d	26	b	36	c	46	d
7	b	17	a	27	d	37	a	47	d
8	b	18	a	28	a	38	a	48	c
9	c	19	c	29	c	39	a	49	a
10	b	20	c	30	b	40	a	50	a