BIOLOGY
CHAPTER: MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
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PART A
1. Which of the following alcoholic drinks are produced by distillation of the fermented broth:
a) Beer and wine
b) Whisky, brandy, rum
c) Beer and rum
d) Wine and brandy
2. Carbon dioxide is not released in which of the following processes?
a) Lactate fermentation
b) Alcoholic fermentation
c) Aerobic respiration in animals
d) Aerobic respiration in plants
3. The large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are because of
a) Clostridium butylicum
b) Trichoderma polysporum
c) Propionibacterium shermanii
d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
4. Toddy is prepared by
a) Fermentation of sap from palms
b) Fermentation of latex from Calotropis
c) Fermentation of latex from coconut
d) Fermentation of leaves from conifers
5. The particular flavor of Roquefort cheese is due to
a) Fungus
b) Bacteria
c) Algae
d) Protozoan
6. Statement I: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it in to curd.
Statement II: A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as inoculum or starter contain millions of LAB.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
b) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
c) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
d) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
7. Which one(s) is/are correct about Cyclosporin A?
a) It is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum
b) It is used as an immuno-suppressive agent during organ transplantation
c) It is produced by a type of yeast, Monascus purpureus
d) Both a and b
8. Which one of the following alcoholic drinks is produced without distillation?
a) Wine
b) Whisky
c) Rum
d) Brandy
9. For the commercial and industrial production of Citric Acid, which of the following microbes is used?
a) Aspergillus niger
b) Lactobacillus species
c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
d) Clostridium butylicum
10. Match List-I with List-II
List – I List – II
a) Yeast i) Acetic acid
b) Acetobacter aceti ii) Lactic acid
c) Clostridium butylicum iii) Ethanol
d) Lactobacillus iv) Butyric acid
Choose the correct answer from the option given below
a) a – iv, b – ii, c—i, d – ii
b) a – iii, b – i, c—iv, d – ii
c) a – i, b – ii, c—iii, d – iv
d) a – ii, b – iii, c—i, d – iv
11. Antibiotics are used to treat diseases like
a) Plague
b) Whooping cough, Diphtheria
c) Leprosy
d) All are correct
12. Enzyme which has the fibrinolytic effect is
a) Protease
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Streptokinase
13. Which of the following is wrongly matched in the following?
Microbe Product Application
a) Monascus purpureus Statins Lowering of blood cholesterol
b) Streptococcus Streptokinase Removal of clot from blood vessel
c) Clostridium butylicum Lipase Removal of oil stains
d) Trichoderma polysporum Cyclosporin-A Immunosuppressive
14. The bacteria and mould involved in the work of Alexander Fleming are :-
a) Staphylococci and Penicillium chrysogenum
b) Streptococci and Penicillium chrysogenum
c) Staphylococci and Penicillium notatum
d) Streptococci and Penicillium notatum
15. Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?
a) Detergents-Lipase
b) Alcohol-Nitrogenase
c) Fruit Juice-Pectinase
d) Malting-Amylase
16. The terms ‘baker’s yeast’ or ‘brewer’s yeast’ are used for:
a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
b) Schizosaccharomyces octosporus
c) Schizosaccharomyces pombe
d) Candida albicans
17. Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is
a) caused by a virus
b) caused by a Gram-positive bacterium
c) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium
d) not an infectious disease
18. The primary treatment of sewage involves
a) Digestion
b) Decomposition
c) Sedimentation and filtration
d) none of these
19. Microorganisms are used during which stage of the purification of the sewage water?
a) Primary treatment
b) Secondary treatment
c) Tertiary treatment
d) both a and b
20. Which of the following is put into anaerobic sludge digester for further sewage treatment?
a) Floating debris
b) Effluents of primary treatment
c) Activated sludge
d) Primary sludge
21. Methane, Hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are produced in
a) Aerobic settling tanks
b) Anaerobic sludge digesters
c) Aeration tanks
d) Primary settling tanks
22. KVIC stands for
a) Khadi and Village Institution commission
b) Khadi and Vellore institution commission
c) Khadi and Village Industries commission
d) Kanpur and Vellore industries Commission
23. Which of the following is not correct with respect to biogas?
a) Contains predominantly carbon dioxide
b) Produced by anaerobic microbes
c) May be used as fuel
d) produced by methanogens
24. Which of the following statements about methanogens is not correct?
a) They can be used to produce biogas.
b) They are found in the rumen of cattle and their excreta.
c) They grow aerobically and breakdown cellulose-rich food.
d) They produce methane gas
25. The biogas plant consists of
a) a concrete tank (10-15 feet deep)
b) A floating cover
c) an outlet is connected to a pipe to supply biogas to nearby houses
d) All of these
26. Biogas is a mixture of
a) CO + H2 + CO2
b) CH4 + CO + CO2
c) CH4 + CO2 + H2
d) CO + CO2 + NO2
27. Read the following statements
Statement I: Baculoviruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications.
Statement II: They have been shown to have negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
b) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
c) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
d) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
28. Trichoderma species are
a) Biological control methods used in the treatment of plant disease.
b) Free-living fungi that are very common in the root ecosystems.
c) They are effective biofertilizers for several commercial plant’s growth.
d) Both a and b
29. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Trichoderma is free living fungi, present in root ecosystem acts as biocontrol agent
b) Genus of Baculoviruses is species group specific broad-spectrum insecticide
c) Nostoc, anabaena and Oscillatoria are blue green algae used as biofertilizers.
d) Ladybird and Dragonflies are used as biocontrol agent
30. The Ladybird and Dragonflies are useful to respectively get rid of:
a) Mosquitoes and aphids
b) aphids and mosquitoes
c) Bollworms and corn borers
d) corn borers and bollworms
31. Which of the following is not used as a biopesticide?
a) Bacillus thuringiensis
b) Trichoderma harzianum
c) Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)
d) Xanthomonas campestris
32. Mycorrhiza is a
a) Symbiotic association of fungi with algae
b) Symbiotic association of algae with plants
c) Symbiotic association of fungi with plants
d) Symbiotic association of bacteria with legume plants
33. Which of the following is incorrect about Biofertiliser mycorrhiza?
a) Many members of the genus Glomus form mycorrhiza.
b) The algal symbiont in mycorrhiza association absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to the plant.
c) Mycorrhiza association helps to plants by providing resistance to root-borne pathogens,
d) Mycorrhiza association with plants increase in plant growth and development
34. Choose the correct option related to the following diagram
a) Colonies of human ova growing in a petri dish
b) Colonies of bacteria growing in a petri dish
c) Fungal colony growing in a petri dish
d) Algae colony growing in a petri dish
35. Which serve as an important Biofertiliser in paddy fields?
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Cyanobacteria
d) All of these
PART-B
36. Read the following
Statement I: Biofertilizers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil.
Statement II: The main sources of biofertilizer’s are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
b) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
c) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
d) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
37. Which of the following includes blue green algae only?
a) Anabaena and Azospirillum
b) Nostoc and Azotobacter
c) Azospirillum and Azotobacter
d) Nostoc and Oscillatoria
38. IPM stands for
a) Integrated Pest Management
b) Integrated Part Messenger
c) International Pollution Management
d) Inter- Pesticide Management Committee
39. Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars is
a) Bacillus thuringiensis.
b) Streptococcus species
c) Trichoderma species
d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
40. The technology of biogas production was developed in India mainly due to the efforts of
a) CDRI and IVRI
b) IVRI and KVIC
c) IARI and KVIC
d) KVIC and CPCB
41. Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan are initiated by
a) Ministry of Environment and Forest
b) Ministry of Environment
c) Ministry of Water bodies
d) Ministry of Forest
42. Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a method used for
a) Estimating the amount of organic matter in sewage water
b) Working out the efficiency of oil driven automobile engines
c) Measuring the activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in producing curd on a commercial scale
d) Working out the efficiency of RBCs about their capacity to carry oxygen
43. Consider the following statements (A-D) about organic farming:
A) Utilizes genetically modified crops like Bt cotton
B) Uses only naturally produced inputs like compost
C) Does not use pesticides and urea
D) Produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) B, C and D
b) C and D only
c) B and C only
d) A and B only
44. The full potential of penicillin, an antibiotic was established by
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Ernest Chain
c) Howard Florey
d) Both b and c
45. Which of the following is a blood cholesterol lowering agent?
a) Cyclosporin A
b) Statins
c) Lipases
d) Streptokinase
46. The varieties of cheese are not known by their
a) Characteristic texture, flavor, taste
b) Characteristic texture and flavor
c) The specificity coming from microbes used
d) Characteristic shape and texture
47. Given below are two statements: One labelled as Assertion A and the other labelled as Reason R:
Assertion: Microbes are present everywhere – in soil, water, air, inside our bodies and that of other animals and plants.
Reason: Microbes like bacteria and many fungi can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies that can be seen with the naked eyes.
a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
b) A is correct but R is not correct
c) A is not correct but R is correct
d) Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A
48. Choose incorrect
a) The puffed-up appearance of dough is due to the production of CO2 gas.
b) LAB of curd plays very beneficial role in checking disease causing microbes in alimentary canal.
c) Toddy is a traditional drink of some parts of southern India
d) Curd is a source of nutrient like vitamin B1 and vitamin c
49. A genetically engineered micro- organism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is a species of:
a) Pseudomonas
b) Trichoderma
c) Xanthomonas
d) Bacillus
50. Identify the following diagrams a, b and c and choose the correct option
a) (a)- Tobacco Mosaic Virus
b) (b)- Human Immunodeficiency Virus
c) (c)- Bacteriophage
d) (a)- Bacteriophage
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ANSWER KEY- MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
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Q. No Key Q. No Key Q. No Key Q. No Key Q. No Key
1 B 11 D 21 B 31 D 41 A
2 A 12 D 22 C 32 C 42 A
3 C 13 C 23 A 33 B 43 C
4 A 14 C 24 C 34 C 44 D
5 A 15 B 25 D 35 C 45 B
6 D 16 A 26 C 36 D 46 D
7 D 17 A 27 B 37 D 47 A
8 A 18 C 28 D 38 A 48 D
9 A 19 B 29 B 39 A 49 A
10 B 20 C 30 B 40 C 50 D